The center was injured during a game against the Los Angeles Kings on Nov. 5 but played the next four games. He reported ongoing discomfort after a 5-4 loss against the New York Islanders on Wednesday, and further testing determined surgery was needed.
Kerfoot has eight points (five goals, three assists) in 20 games.
"Kerfoot and his style of play and what he's meant for our team, with the production he's brought and responsibility at both ends of the ice, has been crucial for us," center John Tavares said, "but we've got a guy in center
and a third-round pick in the 2020 draft.
NHL.com independent correspondent Dave McCarthy contributed to this report