It was the center's 13th NHL hat trick and first since Jan. 30, 2018. Malkin was a game-time decision after missing a 5-1 loss to the New York Rangers on Friday with an illness unrelated to COVID-19.
"I think he's getting better with each game he plays," Pittsburgh coach Mike Sullivan said. "When he's at his best, he's one of the few players that can take a game over. We're fortunate. We have a couple of them on our team. … He's a generational talent."
Teddy Blueger had a goal and three assists, and Sidney Crosby, Bryan Rust and Rickard Rakell each had a goal and two assists for the Penguins (40-17-10), who scored 11 goals for the first time since Nov. 16, 1993. Tristan Jarry made 33 saves.
Pittsburgh is 4-1-1 in its past six games and moved within three points of the Carolina Hurricanes for first place in the Metropolitan Division.
Calvin Pickard made nine saves in relief of Alex Nedeljkovic before leaving with an injury at 5:29 of the third period for the Red Wings (26-32-8), who have lost three in a row. Nedeljkovic allowed four goals on 12 shots before being pulled and allowed seven goals on 22 shots for the game.
"For a long time through the season, we were in the mix of things," Detroit coach Jeff Blashill said. "We were excited about that. Now we're not. I'm not sure if we feel sorry for ourselves, whatever. Nobody's going to feel sorry for us. We have to figure out a way to go out and play way better."