The 31-year-old forward had three assists in 18 games with the Colorado Avalanche this season and did not play after March 23 because of an undisclosed injury.
Calvert scored 203 points (95 goals, 108 assists) in 566 regular-season games with the Columbus Blue Jackets and Avalanche.
"I've been lucky enough to play the game I love since I was 5 years old," Calvert said. "I never played to make it to the NHL. I played to compete. I played for my teammates. I played for the fans. I played for my family. I played because I loved to battle, and I played to win. I dreamt of becoming an accountant when I was 18 years old and three years later I was playing in the NHL."
Selected by Columbus in the fifth round (No. 127) of the 2008 NHL Draft, Calvert scored 17 points (seven goals, 10 assists) in 32 Stanley Cup Playoff games.
"It was an absolute honor to wear the Columbus Blue Jackets and Colorado Avalanche jerseys throughout my career," he said. "I would bleed for those organizations any day. Thank you to every coach and GM that pushed me to be my best. … What an amazing journey. I feel like the luckiest person in the world to have had this opportunity. I look forward to skating on the outdoor rinks with my boys in retirement. I love you all."