Nick Foligno scored, and Sergei Bobrovsky made 29 saves for the Blue Jackets (19-12-3), who won their second straight game and are 3-0-1 in the past four.
Bobrovsky has allowed four goals in those games.
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"All three zones were strong," Bobrovsky said. "We created some offense. Neutral zone was strong and D zone was strong."
Mackenzie Blackwood made 36 saves in his first NHL start, and Taylor Hall scored his 200th NHL goal for the Devils (11-15-7), who have lost three straight (0-2-1).
"To be honest, it's pretty disheartening when you play well and you're not able to get a win, especially for a guy like Mackenzie who's coming in his first [start] and played so well," said Hall, who played his 560th NHL game.
Blackwood, selected by New Jersey in the second round (No. 42) of the 2015 NHL Draft, made 16 saves in the first period when the Devils were outshot 17-5. He became the sixth goalie in NHL history to face a penalty shot in his first start. It was his second NHL game; he made eight saves on 10 shots in New Jersey's 7-2 loss to the Toronto Maple Leafs on Tuesday.
Foligno made it 1-0 with his ninth goal and second in as many games at 4:17 of the first period with a back-door tap-in off a Pierre-Luc Dubois pass. Seth Jones kept the puck in the zone at the right blue line before finding Dubois open in the left circle after coming off the bench.