The Islanders fell behind 4-2 when Mark Scheifele scored his Jets-leading 36th goal at 6:46 of the third on the power play. After Jordan Eberle scored to make it 4-3 at 7:49, Casey Cizikas tied it 4-4 with 1:46 left, and Eberle scored 33 seconds later to give New York a 5-4 lead with 1:13 remaining.
"Just the mindset of our bench, you could feel it," said Eberle, who had an assist for his first three-point game since March 22, 2018. "We felt like we were going to come back. We liked the way we were playing. We were creating chances.
"This is a huge character win for the team. One of those games that kind of builds your team and moves you forward. We've got four huge games left to finish the season, and they're going to be important. I think the biggest thing is you want to finish strong."
WATCH: [All Islanders vs. Jets highlights]
The Islanders (45-26-7) are two points ahead of the Pittsburgh Penguins and three points behind the first-place Washington Capitals. Pittsburgh has a game in hand on New York and Washington.
Ryan Pulock had three assists, and Robin Lehner made 33 saves for the Islanders, who are 4-3-0 in their past seven games and were coming off a 4-0 loss at the Columbus Blue Jackets on Tuesday.
"We all know how tight it is, and we really needed a win," Lehner said. "They came out strong and they had some bounces. They're a really good offensive team. We stuck with it, stuck with it. Man, what a comeback. We needed it. This group is incredible."