Andersen, who sustained an upper-body injury Friday playing for Denmark in a 2018 PyeongChang Olympics qualifying game against Slovenia, will need 3-4 weeks to recover.
Grubauer played for Germany in pretournament qualifying for the Olympics and was 3-0 with two shutouts and an 0.67 goals-against average. Germany defeated Latvia to claim a Group E berth.
Grubauer now will compete with New York Islanders goalies Jaroslav Halak and Thomas Greiss to determine who will be in net for Team Europe when they open the World Cup of Hockey 2016 against the United States on Sept. 17.
"He did outstanding, so we know he's game-ready," Team Europe coach Ralph Krueger said of Grubauer. "We want to get a good feel on Thomas and Jaroslav here in the first few games. It'll evolve on its own.
"We do not have a clear No. 1 here. We don't have a clear No. 1 player in any role at all. The players have an opportunity. … For me it's a long camp getting ready for a tournament versus what I'm used to, three games and multiple practices where the ice time will be distributed according to what we feel, and it'll be the same with the goalies, they have an opportunity to show themselves."
Halak will try to prove something to himself after he spent last season battling injuries that ended his season in March. Greiss played for the Islanders through their two rounds of the Stanley Cup Playoffs.
Halak was asked if he felt he would be the starter with Andersen out of the tournament.
"I think it's tough to say from my perspective because I haven't played since March 8. I've been injured," Halak said. "I don't make these type of decisions. Whether I play or not, we are here for one reason as a team, whether it's [Greiss] or whoever, we just need to win games, or want to win games."
Halak spent the offseason rehabbing and said he feels good heading into three pretournament games, which begin against Team North America on Thursday (8 p.m. ET; ESPN2, SN, TVA Sports).
"I faced adversity last season a lot, being injured a couple times, getting back," Halak said. "It's always hard to get back. But I was able to and obviously a longer break that I had between March and now, maybe it's a good thing or bad thing, we'll find out. But I feel good. I trained hard and hopefully it's going to pay off."
TEAM EUROPE ROSTER
G Thomas Greiss, New York Islanders (Germany)
G Philipp Grubauer, Washington Capitals (Germany) *
G Jaroslav Halak, New York Islanders (Slovakia)
D Zdeno Chara, Boston Bruins (Slovakia)
D Christian Ehrhoff, Unrestricted free agent (Germany)
D Roman Josi, Nashville Predators (Switzerland)
D Luca Sbisa, Vancouver Canucks (Switzerland)
D Dennis Seidenberg, UFA (Germany)
D Andrej Sekera, Edmonton Oilers (Slovakia)
D Mark Streit, Philadelphia Flyers (Switzerland)
F Pierre-Edouard Bellemare, Philadelphia Flyers (France)
F Mikkel Boedker, San Jose Sharks (Denmark)
F Leon Draisaitl, Edmonton Oilers (Germany)
F Marian Gaborik, Los Angeles Kings (Slovakia)
F Jannik Hansen, Vancouver Canucks (Denmark)
F Marian Hossa, Chicago Blackhawks (Slovakia)
F Anze Kopitar, Los Angeles Kings (Slovenia)
F Nino Niederreiter, Minnesota Wild (Switzerland)
F Frans Nielsen, Detroit Red Wings (Denmark)
F Tobias Rieder, Arizona Coyotes (Germany)
F Tomas Tatar, Detroit Red Wings (Slovakia)
F Thomas Vanek, Detroit Red Wings (Austria)
F Mats Zuccarello, New York Rangers (Norway)
\ - named to roster Tuesday*
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