Chartier gave the Sharks a 2-1 lead at 2:13 of the second period, spinning and shooting in one motion from the slot after getting to the rebound of a Tomas Hertl shot.
Meier, who was plus-4, had an assist on the goal to extend his NHL career-high point streak to eight games (seven goals, four assists).
Meier made it 3-1 at 4:10 when Couture centered the puck to him for a one-timer that squeezed between Gibson's glove and left hip.
"I think we scored three good goals," San Jose defenseman Erik Karlsson. "We could have had a few more. [Gibson] is a great goaltender, and you know, he sees the puck and he is going to make saves."
Aberg got Anaheim to within 3-2 at 16:59, beating Jones short side from the left face-off circle for his first goal with the Ducks since being claimed off waivers from the Edmonton Oilers on Oct. 1.
"It was a confidence builder," Aberg said.
The Sharks entered the game 5-1-2 when scoring first, and they took a 1-0 lead when Couture scored at 2:34 of the first period.
Hertl sent a shot wide, but the puck caromed off the end boards and out the opposite side to Couture, who shot it in before Gibson could slide over.
Josh Manson tied the game 1-1 with a backhand shot at 4:16. He retrieved the puck along the wall in the Sharks zone, passed it to Ryan Getzlaf above the right circle, and then cut to the net. Getzlaf passed it back to Manson near the right dot, and he skated in front of the net before backhanding it past Jones for his first goal of the season.
Getzlaf had two assists and has four points (two goals, two assists) in the past two games.
Meier appeared to score at 13:06 of the second period to give San Jose a 4-1 lead, but Anaheim coach Randy Carlyle challenged, and the goal was overturned by video review that determined Meier was offside.
"There was a big swing in the second period when our goal was disallowed," coach Peter DeBoer said. "I thought we had an opportunity there to probably put them away, and we wouldn't have come down to what it did, but that's hockey."
The Ducks, who are allowing the most shots on goal per game in the NHL (39.1) and generating the fewest (24.5), were outshot 19-8 in the first period and 34-17 through the second.
"Even though we played well in the third, there are things we can do a lot better," Manson said. "We're still giving up a lot of shots. We have to get to the bottom of that."
