After a scoreless first period in which the Islanders outshot the Red Wings, 16-6, captain Dylan Larkin scored Detroit's lone goal on a power play at 18:59 of the middle frame.
"I thought we played a good road game," Larkin said. "We tried to break it down TV timeout to TV timeout. This is a tough building to play in. It was a big game for us, despite all the things going on. We had a good first two (periods) had the first goal and came out in the third just a little too hesitant."
Goalie Magnus Hellberg stopped 32 of 36 sent his way for the Red Wings, who lost for the first time in regulation when leading through 40 minutes this season.
"I thought we had a good feeling coming into the third period," Hellberg said. "Obviously we had the lead, 1-0. I think we were really happy with that in this building. We know they are a good defensive team and have some good offense too."
Alex Chiasson, who signed a one-year contract with Detroit on Friday, made his Red Wings debut on Saturday and logged 10:41 of ice time against the Isles. The 32-year-old forward was signed by the American Hockey League's Grand Rapids Griffins on Nov. 26 and had 20 points on nine goals and 11 assists in 29 games.
"Lots of emotions today," Chiasson told Bally Sports Detroit's Trevor Thompson during the first intermission. "It's been a tough road, but there's nothing like the NHL. This means a lot to me and wearing an Original Six jersey - a lot of history. Trying to soak it in as much as I can."
Detroit fell to 28-25-9 (65 points) overall, while the Islanders improved to 32-25-8 (72 points).
NEXT UP: Detroit will conclude a weekend back-to-back on Sunday night, squaring off against the Philadelphia Flyers at Wells Fargo Center.